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EV/EBITDA

Enterprise value divided by EBITDA, used to compare companies regardless of capital structure.

EV/EBITDA

EV/EBITDA compares a company's total value (including debt) to its operating cash earnings.

Formula

EV/EBITDA = Enterprise Value ÷ EBITDA

Where Enterprise Value = Market Cap + Total Debt − Cash

Why use it over P/E

  • Capital-structure neutral: Works for companies with different debt levels
  • Ignores tax differences: Useful for cross-border comparisons
  • Pre-depreciation: Better for capital-intensive industries

Typical ranges

  • Below 8: Often considered cheap
  • 8–15: Fair value for most industries
  • Above 20: Growth premium or overvaluation

Tips

  • Compare only within the same sector
  • Pair with free cash flow analysis to verify EBITDA quality
  • Watch for companies that capitalize expenses to inflate EBITDA

Key Takeaways

  • Context matters when interpreting any financial metric.
  • Combine multiple data points for informed decisions.
  • Continue learning to build investment knowledge.