Financial Glossary
Quick definitions for the metrics and concepts you see in StockLrn.
Company Overview
High-level context about what the company does and how it makes money.
Revenue by Segment
Breakdown of revenue across products, geographies, or business lines.
Income Statement
A report of revenue, expenses, and profit over a period (quarter or year).
Balance Sheet
A snapshot of assets, liabilities, and equity at a point in time.
Cash Flow Statement
Tracks cash generated and used by operations, investing, and financing.
EBITDA
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (a rough cash-earnings proxy).
Free Cash Flow (FCF)
Cash from operations minus capital expenditures; cash that can be used for buybacks, dividends, or debt.
Dividend Yield
Annual dividend payment divided by stock price, expressed as a percentage.
Index Fund
A fund designed to track the performance of a market index.
Market Capitalization
Company value based on stock price × shares outstanding.
Institutional Ownership
The portion of shares held by large institutions like mutual funds and asset managers.
ETF Holdings
ETFs that hold a stock as part of their portfolio, often with an allocation weight.
Alpha
A measure of investment performance relative to a benchmark.
Beta
A measure of volatility compared to the overall market.
Hedge
An investment made to reduce risk from adverse price movements.
Leverage
The use of borrowed money to amplify potential returns.
Volatility
The degree of variation in a stock's price over time.
Resistance
A price level where selling pressure prevents further price increases.
Support
A price level where buying pressure prevents further price declines.
Liquidity
How easily an asset can be bought or sold without affecting price.
Book Value
Net asset value calculated as total assets minus total liabilities.
P/E Ratio
Price-to-earnings ratio, a common valuation metric.
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